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January 23, 2026

Self-study module Introduction to Plant Biology - Plant hormones

This self-study module is part of the series ‘Introduction to Plant Biology’ and introduces plant hormones, explaining how chemical signaling enables communication and coordination within plants. It is designed for students learning basic plant biology and for teachers seeking clear figures and explanations for educational use. The module covers fundamental concepts of cell signaling and signal transduction and examines the functions and interactions of major plant hormones, including auxin, cytokinin, abscisic acid, gibberellins, ethylene, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, brassinosteroids, and strigolactones, in regulating plant growth, development, and responses to the environment.

Document

Elysa Overdijk, Anniek Oosterwijk, Kayla Delvers

December 19, 2025

Self-study module Introduction to Plant Biology - Abiotic stress

This self-study module is part of the series ‘Introduction to Plant Biology’ and introduces abiotic stress in plants and explains how plants cope with and adapt to challenging environmental conditions. It is designed for students learning basic plant biology and for teachers seeking clear figures and explanations for educational use. The module covers key abiotic stresses - heat, cold, flooding, drought, salinity, and high light intensity - and examines the physiological, structural, and adaptive strategies plants use to survive and grow under these conditions.

Document

Elysa Overdijk, Anniek Oosterwijk, Kayla Delvers

December 19, 2025

Self-study module Introduction to Plant Biology - Plant anatomy

This self-study module is part of the series ‘Introduction to Plant Biology’ and focusses on plant anatomy. It is designed for students studying basic plant biology and for teachers seeking clear explanations and illustrative figures for educational use. The module covers the plant life cycle and provides a basic understanding of plant structure and function, from plant cells to whole organs. Students explore the anatomy of plant organs (stem, root, leaf, flower, and seed) and specialized cell types such as stomata and root hairs. In addition, the module introduces key plant cell organelles, including the nucleus, chloroplasts, mitochondria, vacuole and the cell wall, and explains their roles in plant function.

Document

Elysa Overdijk, Anniek Oosterwijk, Kayla Delvers

December 19, 2025

Self-study module Introduction to Plant Biology - Plant nutrients

This self-study module is part of the series ‘Introduction to Plant Biology’ and introduces plant nutrients and their essential roles in plant growth and development. It is designed for students studying basic plant biology and for teachers seeking clear explanations and illustrative figures for educational use. The module explores the distinction between macronutrients and micronutrients, provides examples of key nutrients, and explains how plants respond to different types of nutrient deficiencies. In addition, it addresses how nutrient management practices in agriculture are used to prevent deficiencies and reduce yield losses.

Document

Elysa Overdijk, Anniek Oosterwijk, Kayla Delvers

December 19, 2025

Self-study module Introduction to Plant Biology - Water in plants

This self-study module is part of the series ‘Introduction to Plant Biology’ and focuses on the role of water in plants, explaining how water is taken up, transported, and regulated to support plant growth and survival. It is designed for students learning basic plant biology and for teachers seeking clear figures and explanations for educational use. The module covers water uptake by roots, long-distance water transport through the xylem and phloem, the relationship between stomata and transpiration, and examines how environmental factors influence these processes.

Document

Elysa Overdijk, Anniek Oosterwijk, Kayla Delvers

December 19, 2025

Self-study module Introduction to Plant Biology - Photosynthesis light-dependent reaction

This self-study module is part of the series ‘Introduction to Plant Biology’ and introduces the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis and their role in converting light energy into chemical energy. It is designed for students studying basic plant biology and for teachers seeking clear explanations and illustrative figures for educational use. The module explains the two photosynthetic reactions: light-dependent and light-independent, with a focus on the processes occurring in the chloroplast during the light-dependent phase. Students explore the formation of the energy carriers ATP and NADPH, the splitting of water into oxygen, and the role of fluorescence as an indicator of disturbances in the photosynthetic process and therefore plant health.

Document

Elysa Overdijk, Anniek Oosterwijk, Kayla Delvers

December 19, 2025

Self-study module Introduction to Plant Biology - Photosynthesis light-independent reaction

This self-study module is part of the series ‘Introduction to Plant Biology’ and focuses on the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle. It is designed for students studying basic plant biology and for teachers seeking clear explanations and illustrative figures for educational use. The module explains how plants convert carbon dioxide into sugars, the role of rubisco in carbon fixation, and the process of photorespiration. Students explore how photosynthesis is linked to stomatal function, how plants have adapted to extreme environmental conditions through C₄ and CAM photosynthesis, and how sugars are converted into starch for energy storage and the role of source-sink relationships. Finally, the module connects photosynthesis to plant respiration and overall energy balance.

Document

Elysa Overdijk, Anniek Oosterwijk, Kayla Delvers

October 26, 2025

Glass Sustainability: Reuse

In this video, Angelica Rota explains the concept and process of reusing architectural glass. Reusing glass panels or entire insulating glass units (IGUs) avoids the energy-intensive melting process of recycling, reducing CO2 emissions and preserving the material's quality. The process involves harvesting glass from buildings through selective deconstruction, followed by a complex disassembly to separate the glass from frames and spacers, and a critical quality assessment to sort the glass by its reuse potential. Despite its environmental benefits, glass reuse faces significant challenges. The disassembly of IGUs is complex and time-consuming, the logistics of handling large, brittle panels are difficult, and there is a lack of a strong market for secondary glass. Furthermore, collaboration across the supply chain, supportive regulations, and further research on issues like non-destructive quality testing are needed to make glass reuse a more viable and widespread practice. The video was produced by the Open GLASSroom project. Special thanks to Angelica Rota for contributing to the Open GLASSroom OER collection. The creation of these resources has been (partially) funded by the ERASMUS+ grant program of the European Union under grant no. 2022-1-DE01-KA220-HED-000089750. Neither the European Commission nor the project's national funding agency DAAD are responsible for the content or liable for any losses or damage resulting of the use of these resources.

Video

Angelica Rota

October 21, 2025

Adaptive Expertise Assessment

Adaptive expertise verwijst naar het vermogen van individuen om hun kennis op innovatieve wijze te hercombineren om onbekende problemen op te lossen. Deze vaardigheid is essentieel voor interdisciplinair werken, en het effectief aanpakken van grote maatschappelijke uitdagingen. Wat Op deze pagina zijn te vinden: • Adaptive Expertise scenario’s. Deze kunnen ingezet worden om de adaptive expertise van studenten te meten. • Een link naar een voorbeeldassessment waarin de Adaptive Expertise scenario’s worden gebruikt. Binnenkort verschijnt op deze pagina een link naar een boekhoofdstuk waarin de theoretische achtergrond en toepassing van de Adaptive Expertise scenario’s worden toegelicht. Voor wie De materialen zijn bedoeld voor onderwijskundig adviseurs, beleidsmakers, curriculumontwikkelaars, docenten en onderzoekers in het hoger onderwijs, met name binnen interprofessionele en praktijkgerichte opleidingen. Waarom Het stimuleren van adaptive expertise draagt bij aan de ontwikkeling van veerkrachtige, reflectieve en lerende studenten en professionals. Door adaptive expertise te meten kunnen docenten beter inspelen op hoe studenten zich ontwikkelen als oplossers van maatschappelijke problemen buiten hun eigen kennisdomain.

Document

Yvette Baggen, Frank van Rijnsoever, Luc de Jongh

October 2, 2025

Come to Your Senses

Seeing, tasting, smelling, hearing, feeling. After early education, sensory skills are rarely trained directly, but most professionals naturally develop them with practice. Come to Your Senses provides direct exercises that will help sharpen your and your students’ senses so that they can utilize them in their professional and personal lives. Senses-based learning is a pedagogical methodology that focuses on exploring and developing sensory awareness and skills, and critically reflecting on their importance in education, research and professional practice. Based on the research carried out at Maastricht University between 2021 and 2024, Emilie Sitzia, Elene Kadagidze and Tânia A. Cardoso show how to use your senses in a fun, visual manner. From Cookie Explosions and Visual Journalism to Sensory Mapping, with unique exercises different experts this guide demonstrates how to implement senses-based learning in your classes or everyday life. This open textbook functions as a manual on how to implement senses-based learning within and outside academia. Come to Your Senses re-balances and reasserts the importance of sensory skills in tertiary education and professional practice through interventions in the existing curriculum in the form of designed learning units, learning resources and activities.

Open (Access) Text Book

Emilie Sitzia, Elene Kadagidze, Tânia A. Cardoso