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HBO/WO

MBO

January 23, 2026

Self-study module Introduction to Plant Biology - Plant hormones

This self-study module is part of the series ‘Introduction to Plant Biology’ and introduces plant hormones, explaining how chemical signaling enables communication and coordination within plants. It is designed for students learning basic plant biology and for teachers seeking clear figures and explanations for educational use. The module covers fundamental concepts of cell signaling and signal transduction and examines the functions and interactions of major plant hormones, including auxin, cytokinin, abscisic acid, gibberellins, ethylene, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, brassinosteroids, and strigolactones, in regulating plant growth, development, and responses to the environment.

Document

Elysa Overdijk, Anniek Oosterwijk, Kayla Delvers

December 19, 2025

Self-study module Introduction to Plant Biology - Abiotic stress

This self-study module is part of the series ‘Introduction to Plant Biology’ and introduces abiotic stress in plants and explains how plants cope with and adapt to challenging environmental conditions. It is designed for students learning basic plant biology and for teachers seeking clear figures and explanations for educational use. The module covers key abiotic stresses - heat, cold, flooding, drought, salinity, and high light intensity - and examines the physiological, structural, and adaptive strategies plants use to survive and grow under these conditions.

Document

Elysa Overdijk, Anniek Oosterwijk, Kayla Delvers

December 19, 2025

Self-study module Introduction to Plant Biology - Photosynthesis light-independent reaction

This self-study module is part of the series ‘Introduction to Plant Biology’ and focuses on the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle. It is designed for students studying basic plant biology and for teachers seeking clear explanations and illustrative figures for educational use. The module explains how plants convert carbon dioxide into sugars, the role of rubisco in carbon fixation, and the process of photorespiration. Students explore how photosynthesis is linked to stomatal function, how plants have adapted to extreme environmental conditions through C₄ and CAM photosynthesis, and how sugars are converted into starch for energy storage and the role of source-sink relationships. Finally, the module connects photosynthesis to plant respiration and overall energy balance.

Document

Elysa Overdijk, Anniek Oosterwijk, Kayla Delvers

December 19, 2025

Self-study module Introduction to Plant Biology - Water in plants

This self-study module is part of the series ‘Introduction to Plant Biology’ and focuses on the role of water in plants, explaining how water is taken up, transported, and regulated to support plant growth and survival. It is designed for students learning basic plant biology and for teachers seeking clear figures and explanations for educational use. The module covers water uptake by roots, long-distance water transport through the xylem and phloem, the relationship between stomata and transpiration, and examines how environmental factors influence these processes.

Document

Elysa Overdijk, Anniek Oosterwijk, Kayla Delvers

July 26, 2022

E-Learning Module Urban Green Spaces

The University of Twente ITC together with Tropenbos Suriname developed this e-module on urban green spaces in the tropics in the context, and using the results, of their UTSN Twinning project on "Towards a green and more livable Paramaribo". With this e-module we aim to provide access to quality learning material for Surinamese and Dutch MSc students and other learners. This e- module is designed to be used in two ways, i) within a course, introducing students to the subject of urban green benefits and management. ii) as stand-alone short course. The module is entirely self-study and can be followed without an internet connection. Cite as: Schwarz. N. and Willemen L., 2021. E-learning module Urban Green Spaces, product of ‘Naar een groen en leefbaarder Paramaribo’ by Tropenbos Suriname and University of Twente-ITC. DOI:10.5281/zenodo.6405982

Website

Rob Lemmens

September 20, 2019

4. Toxicology

This chapter is the fourth chapter of 'Toxicology, an open online textbook' . The textbook aims at covering the field in its full width, including aspects of environmental chemistry, ecotoxicology, toxicology and. The chapter is about toxikinetics, toxicodynamics and molecular interactions, toxicity testing and about the increasing ecological realism in toxicity testing. risk assessment.

Website

Kees van Gestel

September 20, 2019

Toxicology, an open online textbook

This open online textbook on Environmental Toxicology aims at covering the field in its full width, including aspects of environmental chemistry, ecotoxicology, toxicology and risk assessment. With that, it will contribute to improving the quality, continuity and transparency of the education in environmental toxicology. We also want to make sure that fundamental insights on fate and effects of chemicals gained in the past are combined with recent approaches of effect assessment and molecular analysis of mechanisms causing toxicity. The book contains tools for self-study and training, like a (limited) number of questions at the end of each module. For the future we foresee the addition of separate exercises and other tools that may help the student in understanding the theory. To guarantee quality of the book, each module was reviewed by at least one of the members of the project team but also by an international reviewer from outside the project team (see List of reviewers). An advisory board and a steering committee were involved in supervising the project, as well as educational advisors, while the project team served as an editorial board.

Open (Access) Text Book

Kees van Gestel, Frank van Belleghem